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Richmond
Why was Richmond made the Confederate capital and how did that status change life there? Once Virginia seceded, the Confederate government moved the capital to Richmond, the South’s second largest city.
Richmond, Virginia
Richmond, Virginia served as the capital of the Confederate States of America for almost the whole of the American Civil War. It was a vital source of weapons and supplies for the war effort, and the terminus of five railroads. The Union made many attempts to invade Richmond.
The Confederacy had three capital cities at varying points: Montgomery, Alabama; Richmond, Virginia; and Danville, Virginia.
Danville, Virginia: Last Capitol of the Confederacy Danville was capital of the Confederacy for several days, just before Robert E. Lee’s surrender on April 10, 1865.
Jefferson Davis and his government traveled to Danville as Richmond fell to the Federal army. The city was the seat of the Confederate government for only eight days, April 3-10, 1865. Danville’s quartermaster, Major William T. Sutherlin, offered his home to Davis and the Confederate government.
His best chance to hit the Union capital came after his surprising win at the first Battle of Bull Run (or First Manassas, for you Southerners). With the Union forces as stunned by their loss as the Confederates were stunned by their victory, the South was too disorganized to follow up.
Richmond at first thrived as the capital of the Confederacy. Then starved. Then burned when, at last, Robert E. Lee ‘s forces were forced to retreat, leaving the city defenseless.
Davis believed that Danville was only a temporary location for the government. He believed that the Confederacy had “entered upon a new phase of the struggle” in which the fight would not be tied to the defense of cities, but taken to the mountains in guerrilla warfare. But Lee’s decimated army could not hold out.