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The amount of material (other than water) transported by a stream is described as the stream load. Stream load is directly proportional to stream velocity and stream gradient and relates the amount of material transported past a point during a specified time interval.
After rivers erode rock and soil, they deposit (drop) their load downstream. This process is known as deposition. In rivers, deposition occurs along the inside bank of the river bend [This “area” is where water flows slower], while erosion occurs along the outside bank of the bend, where the water flows a lot faster.
They carry water, organisms and important gases and nutrients to many areas. They also help drain rainwater and provide habitats for many species of plants and animals. As they make their way to the sea, rivers help shape the features of the Earth.
Most stream corridors contain three main components: the stream channel, the floodplain and the transitional upland fringe (Figure 1.1). The stream channel contains flowing water for at least a portion of the year.
Stream and River Deposits. Key Concept Rivers and streams are dynamic systems that erode, transport sediment, change course, and flood their banks in natural and recurring patterns. What You Will Learn. • Three types of stream deposits are deltas, alluvial fans, and floodplains.
After rivers erode rock and soil, they drop, or deposit, their load downstream. Deposition is the process in which material is laid down or dropped. Rock and soil that are deposited by streams are called sediment. Rivers and streams deposit sediment where the speed of the water decreases.
• A delta is a fan-shaped deposit of sediment that forms where a river meets a large body of water. • Alluvial fans can form when a river deposits sediment on land. • Flooding brings rich soil to farmland and may cause a stream to change course. • Flooding can also lead to property damage and death.
• When two streams meet, the smaller one is called a tributary. • The place, where many streams meet to form a large water body called river, is referred to as confluence. • Streams are shallower than rivers. • Streams are more turbulent and aggressive than rivers.