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During photosynthesis, plants take in carbon dioxide (CO2) and water (H2O) from the air and soil. Within the plant cell, the water is oxidized, meaning it loses electrons, while the carbon dioxide is reduced, meaning it gains electrons. This transforms the water into oxygen and the carbon dioxide into glucose.
Plant height was measured every few days for approximately three weeks. My experiment results were that increased carbon dioxide levels had a negative effect on plant growth. In other words, the plants in the jars with high levels of carbon dioxide did not grow as well as the plants in the jars with regular air.
When carbon dioxide reacts with water a weak acid is formed. Carbon dioxide present in exhaled air is blown into a flask containing an indicator sensitive to small changes of pH in the appropriate region of the pH scale, and the consequent colour changes observed and recorded.
Scientists from the Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology and the University of Potsdam have now discovered that an increase in carbon dioxide levels could cancel out the beneficial effects of dwarf varieties.
Carbon dioxide is a contributor to the environmental effect known as acid rain. Emissions released from fossil fuel-burning energy plants combine with moisture in the air. The result is precipitation with a high acid content. Documented evidence shows the physical damage to trees and other plant life.
And while rising carbon dioxide might seem like a boon for agriculture, Moore also emphasizes any potential positive effects cannot be considered in isolation, and will likely be outweighed by many drawbacks. “Even with the benefit of CO 2 fertilization, when you start getting up to 1 to 2 degrees of warming, you see negative effects,” she says.
The effects of carbon dioxide can be seen and felt far from their sources, making their impacts on air pollution more serious. Carbon dioxide emissions impact human health by displacing oxygen in the atmosphere. Breathing becomes more difficult as carbon dioxide levels rise.