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Preventive actions include:
Strategies to reduce desertification
Solutions. We can more efficiently use existing water resources and better control salinization to improve arid lands, find new ways to rotate crops to protect the fragile soil, and plant sand-fixing bushes and trees.
If sufficient water for irrigation is at hand, any hot, cold, sandy or rocky desert can be greened. Water can be made available through saving, reuse, rainwater harvesting, desalination, or direct use of seawater for salt-loving plants.
Like Iran, Mongolia and Pakistan, deserts are expanding in China. The Tengger Desert, located on the southern edge of the Gobi Desert, has grown at an annual rate of more than 1,350 square miles. Many villages have been lost. In Syria, sand dunes are encroaching on agricultural lands and mountain slopes of Nepal are getting eroded.
Despite of looking horribly dry and damaged, natural dry-lands will turn green and lush again; soils will mend; water creeks will start flowing and wells will refill with water. While lands degraded to the point of desertification, they’ll remain lifeless. The only effect rainwater will have on them will be erosion and flooding.
“I can double the farming area using the same amount of water I was using before,” says Faisal. The cost of treatment per hectare (2.4 acres) of desert varies from $1,800-$9,500 (£1,300-£6,900) depending upon the size of the project – which currently makes it too expensive for most farmers.
Desert Control says initially it will target municipal governments and commercial growers, but eventually would like to make the cost accessible to all growers. “This is a great game changer” for farmers in arid areas, says Kristian.