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If a hurricane encounters the jet stream while in the mid-latitudes, the storm may accelerate very quickly, allowing it to reach high latitudes, especially if it is travelling over a warm ocean current such as the Gulf Stream.
Hurricanes form over the warm ocean water of the tropics. When warm moist air over the water rises, it is replaced by cooler air. The cooler air will then warm and start to rise. If there is enough warm water, the cycle will continue and the storm clouds and wind speeds will grow causing a hurricane to form.
Hurricanes are powerhouse weather events that suck heat from tropical waters to fuel their fury. These violent storms form over the ocean, often beginning as a tropical wave—a low pressure area that moves through the moisture-rich tropics, possibly enhancing shower and thunderstorm activity.
A rapid southward dip in the jet stream over tropical waters might cause a meandering hurricane to quickly pick up forward speed or shred a strong hurricane to bits.
A basic tenet of meteorology is that horizontal temperature contrasts lead to vertical contrasts in wind. This means the north-south temperature contrast we mentioned results in a jet stream moving from east to west across the continent into the tropical Atlantic Ocean, the so-called “African easterly jet.”.
Earth’s four primary jet streams only travel from west to east. Jet streams typically move storms and other weather systems from west to east. However, jet streams can move in different ways, creating bulges of winds to the north and south.
A basic tenet of meteorology is that horizontal temperature contrasts lead to vertical contrasts in wind. This means the north-south temperature contrast we mentioned results in a jet stream moving from east to west across the continent into the tropical Atlantic Ocean, the so-called “African easterly jet.”